Hydraulic motor.



R. B. GOODRIGH.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUN a. 1912.

1,1 17,370, Patented Nov. 17, 1914.

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R. B. GOODRICH.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILLED JUNE 8.1912.

1,117,370, Patented N0v.17, 1914.

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RALPHIB. GOODRICH, or COLLEGE HILL, 01110.1

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 17, 1914.

Application filed June 8, 1912. Serial No. 702,596.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, RALPH B. GOODRICH, citizen of the United States, residing at College Hill, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Motors, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates in general to improvements in hydraulic motors of that general type in which a piston is mounted for oscillatorv movement within a cylinder or casing, as disclosed by my Patent No. 884,654, granted April 1 1, 1908.

' One of the objects of the invention is to provide a water motor of this type which will operate effectively under a comparatively low pressure, which will consume but asmall amount of water, and which will generate a maximum amount of power for the water consumed.

A further object of the invention is to provide a valve mechanism for water motors of this type, the said valve mechanism em bodying novel features of construction whereby a full stroke'of thevalves is always insured after they have once been unseatcd, thereby eliminating all danger of a stoppage of the valves at an intermediate point in their stroke and a consequent interruption of the operation of the motor.

A fnrthervobject of the invention is to provide a valve for water motors which is comparatively simple and inexpensive in its construction, which is positive and reliable in its action, and which comprises few and durable parts adapted to successfully withstand the wear and tear to which such valves are subjected when in use.

WVith these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel combinations and arrangements of the parts as will more fully appear as the description proceeds, the novel features thereof being pointed out in the appended claims.

For a full understanding of the inven tion, reference is to be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view 1 through a motor constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view through the same, the said view extending through the valve cage. Fig. 3 is an interior plan view of one of the heads, portions being broken away. Fig. 4:

is a transverse vertical sectional view through the valve mechanism of the motor, the valves being shown in that position assumed when the piston has reached the end of its stroke and the valve engaging rollers thereon are brought into an initial engagement with the valvemembers. Fi 5 is a similar view showing the position assumed by the valves when the intake valve has just been unseated and the exhaust valve has been partially moved, and Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the position assumed by the valves when shifted.

Correspondingand like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters.

The cylinder or casingwithin which the motor mechanism is mounted may be of any suitable or conventional construction, and is shown as comprising a pair of heads 1 between which a cylindrical casing 2 is clamped. The edges of the cylindrical casing are shown as beveled and received within grooves 3 of the heads 1, and the said heads are shown as formed with peripheral ears ti.- which are connected by means of the bolts 5. Eachof the heads 1 is provided with a stufling box (3 receiving the motor shaft 7 which extends axially through the.

casing or cylinder. A piston 8 projects radially from the motor shatt 7 so as to operate within the casing, opposite sides of the piston being provided with packingsheets 9 of leather or other suitable material, the edges of the packing sheets being cupped in opposite directions so as to form a tight joint with the walls of the casing when forced outwardly by the pressure of the water. These packing sheets are shown as held in position by means of retaining plates 10 which are applied to opposite sides of the piston and held in position by means of bolts 11 or similar fastening members which pass through the piston. Each of the retaining plates is provided with a series of curved arms 12 which project laterally therefrom and have the ends thereof connected by a pin 13. As shown upon the d'awings, each of the plates is provided with three of these curved arms 12, and the rollers 14 which constitute the valve actuating elements are mounted upon the pin 13 between the said curve arms.

The valve cage 15 is suitably fixed within the cylinder at a point in the path of the piston 8. This valve cage extends between the two heads 1 of the cylinder and has the back thereof secured to the casing 2 by suitable fastening members such as the screws 16, while the forward edge thereof is provided with packing 17 which bears against the motor shaft. In the present instance the edge of the valve cage is longitudinally grooved at 18 to receive the packing l7, and retaining strips 19 bear against the sides of the packing to hold it securely in. position. The upper and lower ends of the valve cage are shown as provided with the positioning pins 20 adapted to engage corresponding holes 20* in the heads 1, and as provided with suitable packing 21 adapted to engage the heads and to be forced into corresponding seats or depressions 22 in the said case. In this manner the valve cage is held. rigidly in position and tight joints are obtained which eliminate all danger of leakage around the edges of the same.

An intermediate transverse partition 23 divides the valve cage 15 into an upper intake compartment 24 and a lower exhaust or outlet compartment 25. The intake compartment communicates through the adjacent casing head 1 with an inlet or intake pipe 26, and in a similar manner the exhaust compartment 25 communicates through the lower casing 1 with an exhaust pipe 27. y

The intake compartment 24 of the valve cage is provided at opposite sides thereof with the alining intake openings 28 provided with the inwardly facing valve seats 29. A tubular intake valve member 30 extends transversely through the intake compartment 24 and is slidably mounted withinthe openings 28. The intermediate portion of this tubular valve member 30 is closed by a transverse partition 31 and provided with oppositely facing exterior, shoulders 32 which are adapted to engage the valve'seats to limit the longitudinal sliding movement of the tubular valve member 30. Lateral openings 33 are formed in the sides of the tubular valve member 30 upon opposite sides of the transverse partition 31 (see Fig. \Vhen the tubular valve member is moved in one direction until one of the shoulders 32 engages one of the valve seats 29, water will enter the tubular valve mem ber upon one side of the partition 31 through one set of the lateral openings 33 and pass through the end of the tubular valve member to the interior of the motor casing, the flow of water being in an opposite direction to that in which the tubular valve member was moved. It will also be obvious that when the tubular intake valve member 30 is moved in the opposite direction until the other exterior shoulder 32 engages the opposite valve seat 29, the lateral openings 33 through which the water previously flowed will be closed and the opposite set of lateral openings 33 uncovered, The water will then enter the tubular intake valve member 30 on the opposite side of the transverse partition 31 and flow through the other end of the same in an opposite direction so as to enter the motor casing on the otherside of the piston. As in the present instance, the external shoulders 32 may be conveniently formed by opposite edges of a set collar 3a which is applied to the exterior of the valve member 30.

Each end of the tubular intake valve memher 30 is provided with an end valve 35 which is movable toward andaway from the end thereof and is adapted to be seated against the end so as to close the same. These end check valves or caps 35 are shown in the present instance as formed with tubular guide stems 36 which fit loosely within the ends of the tubular valve member 30, the said guide stems being provided adjacent the end valves 35 with lateral openings 37 through which the water can flow. The outward movement of these end check valves 35 is limited by means of stops 38 upon'spring arms, 39, the said stops 38 being received within the openings 33 of the tubular valve member 30fand ens gaging the edgesthereof to prevent displacement of the check valves. The spring arms 39 may. be conveniently formed by doubling a strip of spring metal, the middle portion of which is secured to the inner face of the end check valve 35, while the extremities thereof are bent outwardly to provide stops 38. Should it be desired to remove the end valves 35, it is merely necessary to spring the arms 39 inwardly until the stops 38 are released from engagement with the openings 33. hen the end check valves 35 are moved outwardly, the lateral openings '37 in the tubular guide stems 36 are uncovered so that water can flow outwardly against the check valves, while when the check valves are moved inwardly they effectively close the ends of the tubular intake valve member 30.

The exhaust compartment 25 of the valve cage 15 is provided with oppositely disposed and alining ports 40 which are formed with the outwardly facing valve seats 4:1, the said valve seats 41 being set inwardly, a suitable distance from the outer ends of the ports so that the exhaust valves the exhaust valve has been first unseated from the valve seat i]. and then moved be yond the end of the exhaust port. The rod a3 which connects the two exhaust valves 42 causesthem to move simultaneously, and in the shifting of the exhaust valves, it will be observed that when one exhaust valveis moved inwardly to close the same, the opposite exhaust valve is unseated, although the said opposite exhaust valve is not moved outwardly beyond the end of its exhaust port or opening to until after the first exhaust valve has entered its port or opening 41.0. In fact, in the preferred construction the first exhaust valve 42 must enter its port or opening 40 for a small fraction of an inch before the other exhaust valve is moved outwardly a suflicient amount touncover its port or Opening lO.

As previously stated, the rollers 14: upon opposite sides of the piston 7 constitute the valve actuating elements, two of the rollers being provided on each side of the piston, and the said rollers being so arranged that one of the rollers will engage the exhaust valve while the opposite roller Will engage the intake valve. When the piston reaches the limit of its stroke in one direction, one of the rollers 14 will engage the cap valve 35 of the tubular intake valve 30 and force the same inwardly so as to close one end of the tubular intake valve. The other adjacent roller 14 will also be brought into an initial engagement with the open.

exhaust valve 42. This position of the parts is shown in Fig. i, in which the piston is approaching the right hand side of the valve cage, the upper roller l-l having just engaged the cap valve 35 and forced the same against the end of the tubular intake valve 30 so as to close the same. A continued movement of the piston 8 will produce an initial sliding movement of the tubular intake valve 30 so as to unseat the right hand valve shoulder 32 from engagement with the right hand valve seat 29, thereby admitting water into the tubular intake valve 30 on both sides of the intermediate valve partition 31. The end valve 35 on the previously exhausting side of the valve cage will be held firmly upon its seat by means of the roller 14, however, so that water will still flow into the casing on the live side of the piston, although it will be prevented from entering the casing on the dead side of the piston. This position of the parts is shown by Fig. 5, and it will be observed that the right hand exhaust valve l2 has been partially closed and the left hand exhaust valve unseated, although not moved beyond the end of the left hand exhaust port. The pressure of the water against the side of the piston from the live compartment of the motor being greater than the outward pressure of the water uponthe end check valve 35, owing to the greater area of the face of the piston, will cause the piston to continue in its movement until the parts reach the position shown in Fig. 6 and the left hand shoulder 32 of the intake valve has been brought into engagement with the left hand valve seat 29. The flow of water into the previously live compartment of the motor is thus shut off, and the pressure of the water against the inner face of the right hand cap valve 35 will then open the said cap valve so as to permit the water to enter the easing on the right hand side of the valve cage. The previously dead side of the piston Will now become t e live side. The sudden increase of pressure within the compartment on the right hand. side of the valve cage will act upon the right hand exhaust valve 4-2 to complete the movement thereof and force it inwardly against the right hand valve seat 11. The left hand exhaust valve 42 will be simultaneously moved beyond the end of the left hand exhaust port l0 so as to provide a free means of egressfor the water within the casing on the left hand side of the cage. The movement of the piston S will thus be reversed, and when it again reaches the limit of its stroke and approaches the left hand side of the valve cage, the above described operation will be shifted in. a reverse manner. The motor will thus run continuously as long as water under pressure is supplied to the same through the feed pipe 26.

Reference has been made to the final shift of the exhaust valve 42 being completed by the water pressure, and in this connection it is to be noted that in the practical operation of the hereindescribed valve mechanism, it has been observed that when the intake and exhaust valves have been partially moved as indicated in Fig. 5 of the drawings, the left hand exhaust valve head 42 is only partly moved out of its chamberor recessed seat and there is a small space about. this valve head to permit the water to start to exhaust from the previously live side of the motor, thereby increasing the velocity of the water flowing through the left hand end of the intake valve shown in Fig. 5, with the result of the water itself assisting in snapping over the intake valve to the position shown in Fi g. 6, whereupon the final automatic action of the exhaustvalve as referred to takes place. i

Itwill be observed that the portion of the motor shaft 7 withinthe lower stuilingbox (5 is formed with annular grooves 15 into which the packing 46 is forced. These an nular grooves 15 operate effectively under ordinary circumstances to prevent leakage of thewater, although after the bearingsbe a by-pass 47 has been provided in the lower casing head 1, the said by-pass establishing communication between the lower stufiing box 6 and the exhaust pipe 27. Any water which may find its way into the stufling bQX thus finds a ready means of escapage through the by-pass 4:7 into the exhaust pipe, and the water is thus prevented from working channels through the packing and escaping from the bottom of the motor.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 'is:. l. A hydraulic motor including a cylinder, .a piston, an interior valve cage formed with oppositely disposed intake ports. and with oppositely disposed exhaust ports, a double-acting tubular valve for the intake ports, an auxiliary valve member mounted upon and carried by each end of the tubular intake valve, a double-acting valve for the exhaust ports, and mechanism means for simultaneously engaging one of the auxiliary valve members and the exhaust valve.

2. An hydraulic motor including a cylinder, an oscillating piston within the cylinder, a valve cage formed with intake ports, exhaust controlling means for the motor, a tubular intake valve member slidable within the intake ports and constructed to close either of the ports, the said tubular valve member being provided with an internal partition and lateral openings on opposite sides thereof which are alternately closed by the intake ports and brought into communication with the interior of the valve cage, the water entering the tubular valve member through the uncovered lateral opening and flowing through the open end thereof into the live side of the cylinder, an outwardly opening .cap valve at each end of the tubular valve member, arms projecting from the cap valves into the tubular valve member and provided with stops engaging the lateral openings of the tubular valve member, and means for engaging one of the cap valves to close the same and then shift the position of the intake valve at each end of the piston stroke.

'3. An hydraulic motor including a cylinder, an oscillating piston within the cylinder, a valve cage formed with opositely disposed intake ports and oppositely disposed exhaust ports, valves for the exhaust ports, a tubular valve member slidable within the intake ports and constructed to closeeither of the intake ports, the Water then flowing through one end of the tubular valve memher and the opposite intake port into the live side of the cylinder, an outwardly opening check valve mounted upon and carried by each end of the tubular valve member, and valve shifting means upon the piston for moving the exhaust valves and engaging one of the check valves to close the same and whereby the exhaust valves are moved simul-' taneously, each of the exhaust valves 'en-.

tering its respective exhaust port when being closed before the opposite exhaust valve 7 is moved beyond the other exhaust port, an intake valve member slidable within the intake ports and constructed to close either one of the ports, an auxiliary valve at each end of the intake valve member, said auxiliary valves being closed and preventing the flow of water through the intake port irrespective of the position of the intake. valve, and means upon the piston for closing one of the auxiliary valves of the in-take valve and shifting the intake valve member, as well as moving the exhaust valve into the exhaust port, the pressure of the water as soon as the intake valve has been shifted serving to again open the auxiliary .valve and to complete the stroke of the exhaust valves.

5. In a hydraulic motor, a cylinder, an oscillating piston, an interior valve cage having oppositely disposed intake ports and exhaust ports, a double acting valve for the exhaust ports, a double acting valve for the intake ports, a movable closure for each end of the intake valve, said movable closures being mounted upon and carried by the intake valve, and rigid valve actuating means carried upon both sides of the piston and adapted to simultaneously engage the movable closure at one end of the intake valve and one end of the exhaust valve at the same side of the cage.

6. In a hydraulic motor, a cylinder, an

oscillating piston, an interior valve cage having oppositely disposed intake ports and exhaust ports, a double acting valve controlling the intake ports, a double acting valve controlling the exhaust ports, a movable closure for each end of the intake valve said movable closures being carried by the intake valve, and valve actuating means'carried upon both sides of the piston and adapted to operate against the movable closure at one end ofthe intake valve to seal such closure and to simultaneously engage and initiate the reversing of the exhaust valve.

7. In a hydraulic motor, a cylinder, an oscillating piston, an interior valve cage having oppositely disposed intake ports and exhaust ports, a double acting tubular valve for the intake ports, movable closures mounted upon and carried by the ends of the tubular intake valve for closing the said ends thereof, a double acting valve for the exhaust ports, and valve actuating means carried upon both sides of the piston and adapted to simultaneously initiate the reversing of both the intake and exhaust valves by simultaneously engaging one end of the exhaust valve and the movable closure for the intake valve at the same side of the valve case, said valve actuating means permitting a final shift of both valves auto matically by the water pressure.

8. In a hydraulic motor, the combination with the cylinder and piston, of a valve mechanism including a tubular reciprocal intake valve, movable closures having a limited play at the ends of the intake valve and mounted directly thereon, an exhaust valve, and valve actuating means carried by the piston for engagement simultaneously with the exhaust valve and with one of said movable closures.

9. An hydraulic motor including a casing having one of the heads thereof formed with an outlet and a stuffing box, a motor shaft extending through the stuffing box, a piston mounted upon the motor shaft and arranged to operate within the casing, a by-pass being provided between the stuffing box and the water outlet for carrying away any water which may leak into the stuffing box, and means for controlling the supply and exhaust of water to the casing.

10. An hydraulic motor including a cylinder, an oscillating piston, an interior valve cage having oppositely disposed intake ports and exhaust ports, the valve seats of the exhaust ports being recessed, a double acting valve for the intake ports, a double acting valve controlling the exhaust ports,

the said double acting valve for the exhaust ports comprising a pair of valve heads connected by a stem so that the valve head which is being opened is not moved out of the recess of the respective valve seat until after the opposite valve head has entered the recess of the other valve seat, and means upon the piston for engaging the double acting valves at each end of its stroke.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

RALPH B. GOODRICH.

Witnesses:

Room: MORRISON, O. C. SMITH.

Copies of this patent ma; be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). 0. 

